“-e kadar” anlamına gelir. Belli bir zamana kadar devam eden eylemler için kullanılır. Zamanlar için kullanılan bir preposition’dır. Bağlaç olarak da kullanılabilir.
I worked until 7 pm. (7’ye kadar çalıştım.)
I can use my parents’ car until 5 pm. (Ailemin arabasını 5’e kadar kullanabilirim.)
We had to say in the exam room until the end of the exam. (Sınavın bitişine kadar, sınav salonunda kalmamız gerekti.)
I was up until three o’clock trying to get it finished.
Shouldn’t we wait until Antony is here?
Until kullanılırken, zamanın, illa zaman olarak var olması gerekmez. “Birinin gelmesi”, “Dışarı çıkılması” gibi şeyler de zaman bildirebilir.
I will play games until we go out.
We were eating until he came.
Bazen, until, “bir şey olana kadar gerçekleşmedi” anlamına da gelebilir.
We did not eat until past midnight.
Once he starts painting a room, he won’t stop until it’s done.
EXAMPLE
She waited until her coffee had cooled down before taking a sip.
We did not arrive at our hotel until after midnight.
The photographs will be on exhibition until the end of this month.
You make wine by leaving grape juice to ferment until all the sugar has turned to alcohol.
You will have to wait until your next birthday for a new bike.
We went to bed and slept until morning.
At least wait until the doctor sees her.
I was talking with Morino until almost midnight.
I didn’t know what to tell you until then.
Let us wait until evening.
The woodman stirred the fire until the flames leaped high and the sparks flew out of the roof hole.
I’m not going home until you talk to me.
I held her hands firmly until she became more calm.
All is well and good until things turn down for a nation.
Indeed, I feel as if I had never seen anything until now, Helen finds so much to ask about along the way.
It was not long until the man came with another present.
I wouldn’t believe it was alive until I saw it move.
Up until now, we have thought of the Internet as a place to store information, and we have depended upon search engines to help us find it.
You can never imagine how I felt when I stood in the presence of Niagara until you have the same mysterious sensations yourself.